Hysteroscopy is the process in which a pencil-size telescope with a camera attached at the end –so that the video can be viewed on the monitor – is used to inspect the inside of the uterus. This instrument is known as a hysteroscope. The other option of hysteroscopy is D&C (Dilatation & Curettage).
Hysteroscopy procedure firstly involves a cervical dilation due to which the cervical opening will be enlarged enough to pass a hysteroscope. Once inside the uterus, gas or fluid is used to distend the cavity. Then the uterine walls are inspected along with the fallopian tube and overall architecture of the womb. Hysteroscopy is mainly used for evaluation for abnormal uterine bleeding, recurrent pregnancy loss or recurrent abortions. It may also be required for pelvic examination or when the findings are abnormal on a hysterosalpingogram. Even uterine fibroids, polyps and septums [divisions] are evaluated as well as treated hysteroscopically.
There are two kinds of hysteroscopy – diagnostic and operative. The former needs a smaller instrument, can be done under a mild sedation and is quick and inexpensive. The latter will allow both diagnose and treat most findings, which are encountered at the time of the procedure.
The complications in hysteroscopy are infrequent but there may be mild cramping. The possible risks may be bleeding, infection and uterine perforation. The hysteroscopy recovery takes only 1-2 days after the surgery to return to their normal activity.
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